Good shoot of Zach crater on the Moon through telescope.

426 video frames in Registax.

1 video frames in Registax.

240 video frames in Registax.

Zach (71 km) and Lilius (61 km) craters are located in a beautiful but "disturbed" area of the Moon, with craters of all sizes, namely the south of it.
Zach has a diameter of 71 km and a depth of 3.7 km. It seems though elongated seen from Earth as it is located near the edge of the Moon.

The name of Zach crater comes from Baron Franz Xaver von Zach (Franz Xaver Freiherr von Zach) (June 4, 1754 – September 2, 1832) was a Hungarian astronomer born at Pest, Hungary (now Budapest in Hungary). He studied physics in Pest, Hungary, and served for some time in the Austrian army.
He taught at the University of Lemberg (now Lviv, Ukraine). He lived in Paris in 1780-83, and in London from 1783 to 1786 as tutor in the house of the Saxon ambassador, Hans Moritz von Brühl. In Paris and London he entered the circles of astronomers like Joseph de Lalande, Pierre-Simon Laplace and William Herschel. In 1786 he was appointed by Ernest II, Duke of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg director of the new observatory on Seeberg hill at Gotha, which was finished in 1791.

Other craters that are visible in photos are Moretus (114 km), Deluc (47 km), Gruemberger (94 km), Cysatus (49 km), Curtius (95 km) and Short (71 km).

In the picture below are labeled craters and other lunar features in the region. To better understand this photo, you should note that the label with the name or the letter of larger craters could be found at their center, and on the small craters, you should find them around them, usually above.

Moon Age: 9.05 days
Phase: 70.5% (0% = New, 100% = Full)
Distance: 399.221 km

Optics (telescope or lenses): Celestron C8-Newtonian telescope, eyepiece 20mm Plossl, 2x barlow
Mount: CG5 (EQ5)
Camera: Sony CX130
Filter: no
Date: 10/03/2014
Location: Baia Mare, Romania
Processing: Registax,  FastStone Image Viewer

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South Moon craters in shadow-Lilius crater

Photographer: Victor Lupu
Optics: Celestron C8-Newtonian telescope, plossl 20mm, 2x Barlow
Mount: CG5 (EQ5)
Device: Sony CX105
Filter: No
Date: 10/02/2011
Location: Baia Mare, Romania
Processing: 10 Sony Vegas, video captures

        In this article are photos of Moon craters in shadow from the southern region . Most are presented in other articles, such as Jacobi, Kinau, Zach and Curtius, Pentland and Scott, Sempilius, Schomberger, and Scott.

         Lilius crater (61 km) lies north of the crater Zach, and south-west  of Cuvier. South-east is slightly larger Jacobi. The interior is relatively flat with no features, but there is a high peak on central midpoint.
The crater is named after the inventor of the Gregorian calendar, Aloysius Lilius (1510-1576), also known as Lilio Luigi, Luigi Giglio, or Lilio Baldassare, who was an italian doctor, astronomer, philosopher and chronologist.

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Telescope Images processed in Registax: Zach Curtius Moretus craters.

38 video frames, in Registax.

In the image above we notice south of Moon craters near the edge of it, from Motetus and continuing to the north of it (image is upside down).

There are many craters here, but can be more easily recognized in the picture below, made in the same evening. If you want to know the craters of the Moon's south and where they are located, see these maps of south of the Moon (images are labeled with their names).

Craters seen here are Moretus, Gruemberger / Cysatus, Zach.
Moretus can not be seen with the naked eye. For this you will need at least some powerful binoculars or an astronomical telescope.

Video from which I have extracted the image, can be viewed in this article.
Video captures images are in this article.
Other images from the same evening are here.

Info Moretus.

Coordinates	70.6°S 5.5°WCoordinates: 70.6°S 5.5°W
Diameter	114 km
Depth	5.0 km
Colongitude	7° at sunrise
Eponym	Théodore Moretus

Moon Age: 9.05 days
Phase: 70.5% (0% = New, 100% = Full)
Distance: 399.221 km

Optics (telescope or lenses): Celestron C8-Newtonian telescope, eyepiece 20mm Plossl, 2x barlow
Mount: CG5 (EQ5)
Camera: Sony CX130
Filter: no
Date: 10/03/2014
Location: Baia Mare, Romania
Processing: Registax,  FastStone Image Viewer

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South pole Moon craters-Manzinus and Curtius

        The central crater in the photo below is Manzinus (98 km). Manzinus's outer edge is eroded, and somewhat irregular. West outer rim is united to Manzinus R. There is a group of small craters along the eastern side, which overlap each other craters D, E, G, and N.
To the west of the crater is Mutus (78 km), the left-center, which shows the inside of two smaller craters, Mutus A and B. Above Manzinus, also a large crater, is Bogulawsky (97 km), and his left a bigger crater, Boussingault (131 km), at left in photo.
The first two pictures below are made on 09.02.2011

Optics: Celestron C8-Newtonian reflector telescope, plossl 20mm, 2x Barlow
Photographer: Victor Lupu
Mount: CG5 (EQ5)
Device: Sony HDR CX105
Filter: No
Date: 13/02/2011
Location: Baia Mare, Romania
Processing: snapshots

Curtius crater (85 km),is located in the south region of the Moon near Moretus crater.The rim of Curtius was lowered because of the erosion of impacts, but it retains much of its structure intact.Other craters, visible in photo below are Zach crater (71 km) which shows smaller satellite craters called by letters A, B, C, D. .., Pentland crater (56 km), Jacob A and Cysatus.

South pole Moon craters

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Craters on the Moon: Moretus Gruemberger and Cysatus

Note here an area where I had always loved to turn my telescope, namely Southern Moon, where are numerous craters of all shapes. Moretus (114 km) is the most beautiful of them, but I have will not talk about it here. There are plenty of other articles in which is described in details.

As a new observation for me, are the two craters northwest of Moretus, called Gruemberger (94 km) and Cysatus (49 km), because I have never seen it with this look, like at this phase.

Although Gruemberger is eroded, with very worn edges, at this phase looks to be more "ordered" than it actually is.

I'm pretty sure that you guys like what you see in these pictures. I can not take my eyes off that high peaks in sunlight at the edge of the Moon. The heights are not mountains, but the edges of craters which lies between the seen and unseen side of the Moon.

Other craters seen here are Curtius (95 km), Zach (71 km), Pentland (56 km), Sempilius (70 km), and Short (71 km).

Info Moretus.

Coordinates	70.6°S 5.5°WCoordinates: 70.6°S 5.5°W
Diameter	114 km
Depth	5.0 km
Colongitude	7° at sunrise
Eponym	Théodore Moretus

Moon Age: 9.05 days
Phase: 70.5% (0% = New, 100% = Full)
Distance: 399.221 km

Optics: Celestron C8-Newtonian telescope, 20mm Plossl, 2x barlow
Mount: CG5 (EQ5)
Camera: Sony CX130
Filter: no
Date: 10/03/2014
Location: Baia Mare, Romania
Processing: FastStone Image Viewer

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Video and astrophotography by telescope Moretus crater.

I always liked to shoot the edge of the Moon, to observe closely the characteristics of vertices outside the lunar disk out. These shapes always fascinated me, because the edge of the Moon is the only area where you can enjoy a "3D" view of its relief, and the south is best suited for this.

Atmosphere quality was satisfactory during video recording. Some turbulence are observed, but there are moments of great clarity. Craters seen here are Moretus, Gruemberger/Cysatus, Zach.

The video was also used in Registax program to process images with higher quality, but also for simple video captures.
Simple video capture Images are here, and here.

The video was done with the camera mounted on the telescope, specifically on the telescope eyepiece. To protect telescope of vibrations, I used a guide motor from Lacerta, and thus the image was more stable. 

However, even with this tracking device for celestial bodies, there were vibrations of the telescope tube, causing the image to be slightly unstable. For this, I used the video stabilization option in Sony Vegas editing software, so the video was 100% correct on this issue.

Moon Age: 9.05 days
Phase: 70.5% (0% = New, 100% = Full)
Distance: 399.221 km

Optics (telescope or lenses): Celestron C8-Newtonian telescope, eyepiece 20mm Plossl, 2x barlow
Mount: CG5 (EQ5)
Camera: Sony CX130
Filter: no
Date: 10/03/2014
Location: Baia Mare, Romania
Processing: Sony Vegas HD Platinum 10.0

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List of south features of the Moon-Southern lunar Hemisphere

Southern hemisphere of the Moon is in rough terrain, heavily cratered and with mountainous areas.
At the poles, the sun is always at small angles, so this is creating a unique environment, but also some difficulties in interpreting the geological region.
The southern hemisphere of the Moon craters are very different in size, appearance and how they were formed by impacts in the past.
Personally, the most interesting craters on south, I find Tycho, a crater with rays showing a very high albedo, rays that are left behind from the initial impact, wich can be seen from Earth with the naked eye or binoculars.
Another great crater is Clavius​​, a large crater with other small craters lying inside it in a decreasing order to form a spiral.
Shiller is another crater, interesting to me because of its elongated shape similar to a caterpillar.
 On the southern hemisphere of the Moon seen from Earth, there is only a sea, Mare Nubium that penetrate down to the crater Pitatus.

There are not mountains on the Moon's southern hemisphere. Maybe were probably destroyed by countless impacts were.

Most notable craters of the Moon southern hemisphere, in alphabetical order, are:

Aliacensis
Apianus
Asclepi
Baco
Ball
Barocius
Biela
Blanchinus
Boguslawsky
Bosching
Boussingault
Brown
Buch
Casatus
Cichus
Clairaut
Clavius
Curtius
Cuvier
Cysatus
Deluc
Demonax
Deslandres
Fabricius
Faraday
Fernelius
Frisius
Gauricus
Gemma
Gruemberger
Hagecius
Heinsius
Hell
Helmholtz
Heraclitus
Hommel
Jacobi
Janssen
Kaiser
Kinau
Klaproth
Lexell
Licetus
Lilius
Longomontanus
Maginus
Manzinus
Maurolycus
Metius
Miller
Montanari
Moretus
Mutus
Neander
Nearch
Neumayer
Newton
Nonius
Orontius
Pentland
Picret
Pitatus
Pitiscus
Playfair
Poisson
Pontanus
Pontecoulant
Proctor
Rabbi Levi
Rheita
Riccius
Rosenberger
Sasserides
Saussure
Sempilius
Short
Scheiner
Schiller
Schomberger
Scott
Steinheil
Stofler
Tannerus
Tycho
Vlaq
Watt
Weiss
Werner
Wilhelm
Wurzelbauer
Zach


Seas:
Mare Nubium

Space missions on the south side of the Moon:
Ranger 9 was launched on March 24, 1965 by United States of America and was intentionally crashed on the lunar surface, on crater Alphonsus.
Ranger 9 was designed to achieve an impact trajectory and to transmit pictures of the lunar surface in high-resolution during the flight until the impact.
  Ranger 9 successfully transmitted 5814 images with a resolution of up to 1.5 m.

LCROSS United States launched the LCROSS (Lunar Crater Observation and Sensing Satellite) which was deliberately crashed into the Moon's south pole on crater Cabeus on October 9, 2009
The mission was designed to search for water ice on the lunar surface and examining the resulting cloud, caused by impact. The mission ended with the discovery of significant amounts of water.

Moon Impact Probe was launched by India, and it was deliberately crashed on 14 November 2008 at the lunar south pole.
 It had 35 kg, and was released from Chandrayaan-1 Lunar Orbiter. It was equipped with a video camera, a radar altimeter and a mass spectrometer.

Video: Victor Lupu
Optics: CelestronC8 "-Newtonian telescope, plossl20mm, 2x Barlow
Mount: CG5 (EQ5)
Device: SonyCX105 at 7x optical zoom
Total Magnification: 700x
Filter: no
Date: 16/08/2011
Location: Baia Mare, Romania
Processing and editing: Sony Vegas 10

To see the photographic map of the south area of the Moon, view: Photographic map of the Moon: South Zone. Lunar Atlas.

For those who like my astro pictures or my articles, it woul be great if you could pay attention on advertising that appear in the blog by a click and maybe one day I could buy a better telescope.

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